By Agbai Sharonjoyce
It’s a period of intense heat in Nigeria these days. These heat waves place many people at increased risk of illness and even death, especially older adults, children and pregnant women.
Studies have raised concerns about the rise of heat waves that combine very high temperatures with high humidity. These conditions, known as oppressive heat waves, are especially dangerous because they prevent the body from cooling itself effectively.
They are closely linked to heat-related illnesses and deaths, making them a growing a public-health threat.
High temperatures and excessive sweating can worsen existing skin problems. When sweat ducts become blocked due to constant sweating, the body cannot release heat properly. This can lead to heat rash, a common condition that appears as red, itchy bumps on the skin.
For people living with chronic skin conditions such as eczema, increased sweating can trigger irritation. Excessive fluid loss during hot weather may also cause dehydration, making eczema symptoms worse.
Heat can also worsen facial redness because blood vessels widen as the body tries to cool itself. During heat waves, environmental pollution levels may rise, contributing to inflammation and aggravating skin conditions like rosacea, a chronic inflammatory skin condition.
Additionally, skin-darkening conditions like hyperpigmentation may worsen since heat stimulates pigment-producing cells in the skin.
Health effects of extreme heat
Heat exhaustion is a serious condition with symptoms that may include headache, vomiting, fainting, fast heartbeat and dry mouth.
Heat stroke is a medical emergency and can be fatal if not treated quickly. Symptoms include high temperature, confusion, dizziness and hot or reddened skin.
Dehydration is another major risk during extreme heat, as the body loses fluids rapidly. This is especially dangerous for infants and children. Symptoms include dry lips, intense thirst, weakness and reduced urination.
Ways to stay safe during heat waves
Protecting your health and skin during extreme heat depends largely on hydration and cooling down.
Staying well hydrated is one of the most effective ways to protect yourself. Drink plenty of water throughout the day, even if you do not feel thirsty, as hot weather causes rapid fluid loss.
Also eating water-rich fruits like cucumber and watermelon can also help maintain hydration. Avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks, as these can worsen dehydration.
Whenever possible, stay in air-conditioned environments. Seek cooler public spaces if your home becomes too hot. Taking cool showers or baths can help lower body temperature, and closing curtains tor blinds can reduce indoor heat.
Wear light-coloured, loose-fitting clothing made from breathable fabrics like cotton or linen. Cotton outfits, in particular, can limit the risk of heat rash. Try to limit outdoor activities between noon and early evening, when the sun is usually at its strongest.
Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen to exposed skin. Sunburn is especially dangerous during heat waves because it lowers the skin’s ability to release heat through sweating, making it difficult for the body to regulate its temperature.
After bathing apply a lightweight moisturiser to help the skin retain its moisture; look out for ingredients that support hydration, such as hyaluronic acid.
At the end of the day, wash your body to remove pollutants and sunscreen residue that might irritate the skin.
Conclusion
Pay attention to how you and those around you feel during periods of intense heat. If you notice warning signs like confusion or a very high body temperature, remember that heat stroke is a medical emergency and immediate help should be sought.
Staying informed, prepared and proactive can help you protect your health and manage the challenges posed by extreme heat.
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