By Agbai Sharonjoyce
In recent years, a growing batch of toothpaste brands have promised not just fresh breath but also whiter teeth. One ingredient at the heart of this trend is activated charcoal, a fine black residue which is made by heating materials like wood and coconut shell to create a highly porous surface.
How activated charcoal works
Activated charcoal has a remarkably high surface area filled with pores, which makes it very easy to absorb and bind to pigments. This unique structure, researchers note, allows the charcoal to absorb the stain and tiny particles on the teeth, thereby making the teeth appear whiter.
However, researchers also reveal a distinction between activated charcoal and teeth-whitening agents used by dentists. Whereas bleaching agents target deep stains embedded in the teeth, charcoal toothpaste focuses on only stains caused by food or coffee.
Following weeks of trials with charcoal-based toothpaste, multiple lab studies have shown that activated charcoal pales in comparison with teeth whitening products.
A 12-week study of charcoal-based toothpaste and regular toothpaste produced the same results on the colour of the tooth enamel.
Based on these, experts maintain that charcoal-based toothpaste cannot be used as a substitute for professional teeth whitening treatment.
The risk of charcoal toothpaste products
Dentists have also raised concern about the abrasive nature of activated charcoal. As one study showed, most charcoal-based toothpastes increased the surface roughness of the enamel.
A rough surface makes it easy for particles and stains to stick, leading to discolouration of the teeth. Highly abrasive products weaken the enamel, the strong protective shell of the tooth, making the teeth become very sensitive and prone to infection.
Why fluoride matters
An essential ingredient in most toothpastes is fluoride, which strengthens the enamel against cavities. Researchers say that the chances of fluoride ions being absorbed in many charcoal-based toothpaste products are high, thereby making the ingredient less available to protect the teeth.
The bottom line
Although charcoal-based toothpastes may seem trendy, scientists say that they are not nearly as effective as oral bleaching agents, such as peroxide-based gels. More often than not, these are given based on prescription.
The best way to achieve cleaner and whiter teeth is by visiting a dental clinic and seeking professional help. Overuse of charcoal-based products can do more harm than good to your enamel—and your smile.
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