By Destiny Uko
Ulcers are a common digestive condition often misunderstood and misdiagnosed. While many people link ulcers to hunger, spicy foods or stress, medical research proves that the real causes are far more complex–and dangerous when left untreated.
What Really Causes Ulcers?
Ulcers are painful sores that develop in the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or oesophagus. The most common culprit is the bacterium known as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which weakens the protective coating of the stomach, allowing stomach acids to damage the tissue underneath.
This infection is often transmitted through contaminated food or water. While half the global population may carry H. pylori, only a few develop ulcers, according to WHO.
Another major cause is the prolonged use of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and diclofenac. These medications can cause inflammation of the stomach lining, especially when used excessively or without food—a risk that’s common among older adults or people given to self-medication.
Lifestyle factors also play a prominent role. Smoking impairs healing and increases the chance of ulcer recurrence. When combined with H. pylori, the risk multiplies. Alcohol, especially when taken on an empty stomach or in large quantities, can also worsen the condition by increasing stomach acid and irritating the stomach lining.
Contrary to popular beliefs, skipping meals, spicy meals and stress do not directly cause ulcers, but they can exacerbate symptoms. Skipping meals particularly leads to higher stomach acidity, which aggravates existing sores.
Similarly, spicy foods and stress may worsen discomfort, but they are not causes.
Symptoms to Watch For
Recognising the signs early can forestall further damage. Common symptoms of ulcers include burning stomach pain (often between meals or at night), nausea or vomiting, bloating, loss of appetite, heartburn, dark or bloody stools (in severe cases), and sudden weight loss.
If these symptoms persist, it is important to visit a qualified health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
How to Treat Ulcers Effectively
Treatment typically starts with a combination of antibiotics to kill H. pylori and other medications to reduce stomach acid. This regimen must be precribed by a doctor or certified pharmacist.
Over-the-counter drugs may mask symptoms but do not address the root cause and can delay proper care.
Cutting down on painkillers, quitting smoking, and avoiding alcohol are essential steps in healing. Eating frequently and avoiding late-night food helps manage acid levels. Reducing soda and carbonated drinks may also ease discomfort.
Certain foods help soothe the stomach and promote healing. These include bananas, papaya (pawpaw), honey, unripe plantain, and yoghurt.
In Nigeria, traditional remedies like uduak, bitter leaf, and okazi water are sometimes used for ulcer relief. While some herbs may offer temporary comfort, they should not replace medically approved treatment. Always discuss with a doctor before trying herbal options.
Conclusion
Ulcer can be treated and even cured completely when treated early and properly. Understanding that ulcers are not caused by hunger alone but by bacteria, medications, and harmful habits is pertinent to healing.
Nigerians should seek professional medical counsel and stop relying solely on myths or painkillers. If you suspect an ulcer, get tested and follow a professional treatment plan for lasting recovery and relief.
Ulcers are often misunderstood, typically attributed to hunger, spicy foods, or stress. However, ulcers are primarily caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), transmitted through contaminated food or water, and the prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking and heavy alcohol consumption, can exacerbate the condition, but do not cause it.
Symptoms of ulcers include burning stomach pain, nausea, bloating, loss of appetite, and more severe signs like bloody stools or sudden weight loss. Effective treatment involves antibiotics for H. pylori and acid-reducing medications, prescribed by a healthcare professional. Quitting smoking, reducing alcohol, and avoiding excessive use of painkillers are crucial for healing.
Traditional remedies and dietary adjustments, such as consuming bananas and yoghurt, can offer relief but should not replace medical treatment. Understanding ulcers' actual causes is essential for effective treatment and recovery. It is vital for individuals, especially in Nigeria, to seek proper medical advice rather than rely on myths or self-medication.
